Portuguese Alphabet
| A a | B b | C c | D d | E e | F f | G g |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| á |
bê | cê |
dê |
é |
eme |
gê |
| H h | I i | J j | K k | L l | M m | |
| agá |
i |
jota |
cá/capa |
ele |
efe | |
| N n | O o | P p | Q q | R r | S s | |
| ene |
ó |
pê |
quê | erre | esse | |
| T t | U u | V v | W w | X x | Y y | Z z |
tê |
u |
vê |
dábliu, dáblio, duplo-vê |
xis |
ípsilon, ipsilão, i grego |
zê |
The letters K, W and Y are used only in foreign words.
Listen to the Portuguese alphabet read
by a Brazilian (Heitor de Moraes)
Pronunciation of Portuguese from Portugal 
- a = [ə] when unstressed or at the ends of words, [á] or [ɐ] elsewhere.
- c = [s] before i or e, [k] elsewhere
- e = [ə] when unstressed or at the ends of words, [é] or [ɛ́] elsewhere. Often barely pronounced at the ends of words.
- gu = [gw] before i or e, [g] elsewhere
- r = [ʀ] or [rr] when at the beginning of words, [r] elsewhere
- s = [s] at the beginning of words, [z] between vowels and at the end of a word when preceded by a vowel and followed by a word beginning with a vowel, e.g. os Estados Unidos [uz eʃtaduz uniduʃ], [ʃ] after a vowel and before and consonant and at the end of syllables.
- z = [ʒ] at the end of words, [z] elsewhere
Pronunciation of
Brazilian Portuguese 
Listen to the vowels,
diphthongs and triphthongs of Brazilian Portuguese
Listen to the consonants
of Brazilian Portuguese
Common verbs
- ser (to be; when you are something)
- ir (to go)
- ter (to have)
- estar (to be; when you are some place)
- fazer (to do)
- ver (to see)
- pôr (to put)
- poder (to be able, can)
- cantar (to sing)
- comer (to eat)
Notes on the verbs
Portuguese verbs are divided into three conjugation groups according to the ending of the infinitive: -ar, -er and -ir. In addition the verb pôr 'put' and its compounds have distinct endings.
There are some 1000 irregular verbs in Portuguese. Most of the verbs are regular belonging to the conjugation group of verbs ending in -ar.
Notes on entering verbs:
There are accentuated characters in Portuguese. If you cannot
input them, try the following:
|
To input: |
Enter: |
Example |
|
ô |
o> |
po>r equals pôr |
|
ç |
c, |
cac,ar equals caçar |
Sources (for verb conjugation):
- Barros, Joakim. Portugal in
verbiopas.
Portugal in kielipalvelu OY. Helsinki. 1990.
- Cantel, R. Précis
de grammaire Portugaise.
Librairie Vuibert. 2 edition. Paris. 1959.
- Cunha, Celso. Gramática da Língua Portuguesa. FENAME - Ministério da Educação e Cultura. 2 edition. Brasil. 1975.
- Cunha, Celso – Lindley Cintra, Luís F.. Nova
Gramática do Português Contemporâneo.
Edições João Sá da Costa. 2 edition. Lisboa. 1984.
- Guedes, Ana Maria – Guedes, Rui. Dicionário
prático de conjugação dos verbos da língua portuguesa.
Bertrand Editora. 1994.
- Huber, Joseph. Gramática do Português antigo. Tradução de Maria Manuela Gouveia Delille. Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian. Lisboa.
- de Sá Nogueira, Rodrigo. Dicionário
de verbos portugueses conjugados.
Livraria Clássica. Editora A.M. Teixeira & C.A. (Filhos), L.da. Porto. 1982.
- Vazquez Cuesta, Pilar – Mendes da Luz, Maria Albertina. Gramática
Portuguesa.
Editorial Gredos. 2 edition. Madrid. 1961.
